be 동사, 평서문, 부정문

1. be 동사

-   ' ~이다, ~ 있다' 로 해석

-  인칭과 수, 시제에 따라 형태 변함

형태	인칭 대명사	현재	과거	과거분사
단수	I	am	was	been
	you	are	were
	he / she / it	is	was

 

형태	인칭 대명사	현재	과거	과거분사
복수	we	are	were	been
	you
	they

 

- be 동사 현재시제는 줄여서 사용 가능

형태	인칭 대명사 + be 동사			형태	인칭 대명사 + be 동사
단수	I'm			복수	We're
	you're				You're
	he's / she's / it's				They're

 

2. 평서문

- 말하는 이가 듣는 이에게 어떤 요구, 지시, 물음의 의도가 없이 자기의 생각만을 평범하게 나타내는 문장

- ' ~ 이다 ' 로 끝난다.

- 예시 (현재 시제) 

• I am a fire fighter.
• You are my everything.
• He is a super hero.
• We are the future.
• They are singers.
• The man is my teacher.
• Many people are here for the contest.
• My computer is new.

- 예시 (과거 시제)

• I was a fire fighter.
• You were my everything.
• He was a super hero.
• We were the future.
• They were singers.
• The man was my teacher.
• Many people were here for the contest.
• My computer was new

 

3. 부정문

- ' 그렇지 않음 ' 을 나타내는 문장

- ' ~ 는 ~ 이 아니다. ' 라고 주어와 서술어의 관계를 부정하는 문장

- 형태 : " be 동사 + not "

- 예시

• is not  (= isn't)
• are not  (= aren't)
• was not  (= wasn't)
• were not  (= weren't)

※ 예외 : I am not  >  I'm not

 

- 예문 (현재 시제)

• I'm not an artist.
• You aren't in the building.
• It isn't the right book.
• They aren't grapes.
• The painting isn't mine.
• Some buses aren't here yet.

- 예문 (과거 시제)

• I wasn't an artist.
• You weren't in the building.
• It wasn't the right book.
• They weren't grapes.
• The painting wasn't mine.
• Some buses weren't here yet.