영어는 English/문법

be 동사, 평서문, 부정문

삼선차니 2023. 2. 21. 20:44

1. be 동사

-   ' ~이다~ 있다' 로 해석

-  인칭과 수, 시제에 따라 형태 변함

형태 인칭 대명사 현재  과거 과거분사
단수  I am was been
you are were
he / she / it is was

 

형태 인칭 대명사 현재 과거 과거분사
복수 we are  were been
you
they

 

- be 동사 현재시제는 줄여서 사용 가능

형태 인칭 대명사 + be 동사  형태 인칭 대명사 + be 동사 
단수  I'm 복수 We're 
you're You're
he's / she's / it's They're

 

2. 평서문

- 말하는 이가 듣는 이에게 어떤 요구, 지시, 물음의 의도가 없이 자기의 생각만을 평범하게 나타내는 문장

- ' ~ 이다 ' 로 난다.

- 예시 (현재 시제) 

  • I am a fire fighter.
  • You are my everything.
  • He is a super hero.
  • We are the future.
  • They are singers.
  • The man is my teacher.
  • Many people are here for the contest.
  • My computer is new.

- 예시 (과거 시제)

  • I was a fire fighter.
  • You were my everything.
  • He was a super hero.
  • We were the future.
  • They were singers.
  • The man was my teacher.
  • Many people were here for the contest.
  • My computer was new

 

3. 부정문

- ' 그렇지 않음 ' 을 나타내는 문장

- ' ~ 는 ~ 이 아니다. ' 라고 주어와 서술어의 관계를 부정하는 문장

- 형태 : " be 동사 + not "

- 예시

  • is not  (= isn't)
  • are not  (= aren't)
  • was not  (= wasn't)
  • were not  (= weren't)

※ 예외 : I am not  >  I'm not

 

- 예문 (현재 시제)

  • I'm not an artist.
  • You aren't in the building.
  • It isn't the right book.
  • They aren't grapes.
  • The painting isn't mine.
  • Some buses aren't here yet.

- 예문 (과거 시제)

  • I wasn't an artist.
  • You weren't in the building.
  • It wasn't the right book.
  • They weren't grapes.
  • The painting wasn't mine.
  • Some buses weren't here yet.